Stats

Strength (STR): Physical power; affects melee damage and athletics checks.

Dexterity (DEX): Agility; affects ranged attacks, armor class, and stealth.

Constitution (CON): Health and stamina; affects HP and concentration.

Intelligence (INT): Knowledge and reasoning; affects wizard spells and investigation checks.

Wisdom (WIS): Perception and insight; affects survival and medicine.

Charisma (CHA): Force of personality; affects persuasion, deception, and intimidation.

Saving throws are rolls to resist harmful effects using these stats. DC (Difficulty Class) is the number you must meet or exceed with a roll to succeed at a task.

There are 18 skills linked to stats (e.g., Stealth (DEX), Arcana (INT), Persuasion (CHA)). Proficiency adds bonuses to checks. For example, a Stealth check for a rogue involves a d20 + DEX modifier + proficiency bonus (if proficient). Rolls are called checks; attacks are rolls.

Passive Perception: Automatically detects hidden elements.

AC (Armor Class): How hard you are to hit.

HP (Hit Points): Health pool.

Initiative: Determines turn order.

Speed: Movement per round.

Spellcasting modifiers: Spell save DC (how hard your spells are to resist) and spell attack bonus.